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-   -   PIC & SIC questions (https://www.airlinepilotforums.com/aviation-law/33108-pic-sic-questions.html)

atpwannabe 11-06-2008 08:04 AM

PIC & SIC questions
 
Ok, since I don't have access to the 135 thread, I will pose my questions here.

Do I have to meet Part 135 minimums & insurance requirements (they may be one in the same), to sit SIC during a charter flight?

Once the passengers disembark the a/c and say the a/c returns empty of passengers, is that leg considered 135 or 91? If 91, what qualifications must I have in order to sit as PIC?


atp

normajean21 11-06-2008 08:06 AM

i dont know the answer but im surprised if you havnt gotten one out of the person thats running this operation.

Rama 11-06-2008 02:12 PM

Empty leg is part 91-appropriately rated in the aircraft. Insurance mins mean nothing as far as the far's are concerned. To be a true sic you must complete the operators training program and pass the checkride. If the operation does not require sic's then you may sit in the right seat (some places do this since pax may request a second pilot) but not touch the controls or log it.

atpwannabe 11-06-2008 02:21 PM


Originally Posted by Rama (Post 493143)
Empty leg is part 91-appropriately rated in the aircraft. Insurance mins mean nothing as far as the far's are concerned. To be a true sic you must complete the operators training program and pass the checkride. If the operation does not require sic's then you may sit in the right seat (some places do this since pax may request a second pilot) but not touch the controls or log it.


Rama:

So, I need to check to see if the company that I'm interested in has an SIC program & pass the their checkride? Correct? If they do, then it's all gravy. Then, I would be able to log the SIC time towards my TT. Now, when the a/c empties and it's just me and the other pilot, then I could easily jump in the left seat (as long as I'm typed for that a/c) and fly as PIC? Right?

If not, and the operation only requires one pilot as you stated above, then I'm just there for the experience of seeing how that particular a/c is flown? Right?


atp

Rama 11-07-2008 05:17 PM

You seem to be on the right track. Keep in mind 135 carrying passengers for hire under ifr requires an autopilot or second pilot, vfr does not. You can log pic whichever seat you are sitting in, but many insurance policies require a checked out 135 pilot in the left seat.
Under 91 only 1 pilot can log unless the other is a cfi or someone is under the hood or the aircraft itself requires 2 pilots. The company or its pilots may not be enthusiastic about this. I haven't flown 135 in over 5 years so I am not up on the reg changes since then though I don't think these type of things have changed.

WEACLRS 11-07-2008 06:01 PM

I'm assuming you want to do one of two things: either log pilot-in-command time or log time toward your flight time (note: there is no such thing as "total time"). Lets break this into two areas: First, the FAA regulations.

To log Pilot-in-Command time you must be in one of two situations. You must be the pilot designated as pilot-in-command as defined in 14 CFR part 1.1. You must hold the appropriate category, class, and if necessary, type ratings for the aircraft in question and be instrument rated if the flight operates under IFR. To be PIC usually requires that designation from the operator of the aircraft in some form of written documentation (dispatch release, rental agreement, job description, etc.), completion of the operator's FAA approved training program, and/or some other formal form of designation. You would know it if you had it.

The second situation falls under 14 CFR part 61.51. This section allows to you log PIC time for the sole purpose of applying "for a certificate or rating issued under this part..." (61.51(c)). 14 CFR 61.51.(e) says as long as you hold a sport, recreational, private, or commercial pilot certificate (not an ATP), you may log pilot-in-command time only for that flight time during which you are "...the sole manipulator of the controls of an aircraft for which the pilot is rated...". Rated means holding the appropriate catagory, class, and type if necessary. If you are an ATP, this provision no longer applies.

So from an FAA standpoint, if you hold a commercial pilot certificate or less, with category, class, and if necessary, type, and you are allowed to manipulate the controls (i.e. fly the aircraft), you can log the time as PIC and Flight Time (and instrument, night, etc.) because the FAA assumes you're still building time for the purpose of an ATP.

If you are designated by the company as the PIC for the return part 91 flight, and you're appropriately rated (which you would be), then you can log the flight as pilot-in-command, flight time, night, instrument, etc.

Logging second-in-command time falls under two areas. To fly under part 91 and log second-in-command time, 1) Part 61.51 (f)(1) and 61.55 requires the pilot be qualified as stated in 61.55 and occupy a crewmember station in an aircraft requiring more than one pilot by the aircraft's type certificate; or 2) 61.51(f)(2) requires the pilot hold the appropriate category, class, and type (if necessary) for the aircraft, and that more than one pilot is required under the type certification of the aircraft or the regulations under which the flight is being conducted. SIC qualifications under 61.55 are recent additions to 14 CFR (basically a copy from part 135) and are extensive. They basically require a formal training program approved by the FAA.

So if the aircraft requires two pilots by it's FAA type certificate or if the flight requires two pilots under the FAA regulations it is flying under, and you are rated (category, class, and type), and you find yourself in the right seat, and its a part 91 flight, you can log SIC, flight time, day/night, cross-country, but not instrument.

If the aircraft requires two pilots by it's type certificate and you meet 61.55, and its a part 91 flight, you may log SIC time.

If the aircraft is not a jet, or not over 12,500 lbs GTOW, it probably is single pilot certified and doesn't require a SIC - no logging SIC time. If it's a jet or over 12,500 lbs, you'd have to hold the appropriate type rating to log the time. Generally, unless the flight operates under part 121, 125, or 135, few other operations would allow for the logging of SIC flight time.

If the flight operates under part 135, you would have to meet the requirements of part 135 (training programs, recurrent training, check rides, etc. - you'd know it if you went through it) to log either PIC or SIC time.

Second - the insurance company. Even if the FAA allows it, the insurance company will probably force the operator of the aircraft to keep you out of the left seat, prohibit you from "manipulating the controls", or designating you as PIC until they have approved you. If it's your buddy's aircraft/company and he lets you go ahead, then it's his risk. But his insurance company probably wouldn't cover the cost of an incident or accident (which means you could be liable as well), unless there is a clause in the policy allowing him to designate other pilots at his digression to fly the aircraft.

atpwannabe 11-08-2008 12:42 PM

Thanks WEACLRS. My plans are to find a KA200 SIC program/job after training and flight instructing for some time. At least that's the plan.:)




atp

Rama 11-08-2008 02:48 PM

Check out small 135 freight haulers in your area. That helped me build time when I needed it. Having friends and contacts in the right places can really help out in your career.

atpwannabe 11-08-2008 07:17 PM


Originally Posted by Rama (Post 494417)
Check out small 135 freight haulers in your area. That helped me build time when I needed it. Having friends and contacts in the right places can really help out in your career.

Hey thanks Rama. I really appreciate the response. I gone over the Part 135 charter flying scenario so many times that it was starting to become confusing. I like the layman's terms you used.

Thanks again.



atp

Ewfflyer 11-10-2008 05:28 AM

Good luck finding the job, you are on the right track and all above is true. One thing I must stress, is make sure you are getting paid, the customers are paying for you to be there, you should be getting part of that. I was getting $75/day for Insurance/Requested SIC work in a C421 or Be20, easy work, and on the empty legs they would let you fly it, but still from the right seat. I did this in conjunction with my full-time CFI job at the time.


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