The FAA would not have a record of that since it was 141. Note that this is going to change in the near future due to colgan, but I think it will only affect checkrides which occur after the change becomes official, I can't imagine there is any way to collect that data retro-actively since 141 student records are only required to be maintained for three years.
As to whether that End of Course counts as a checkride depends on several things, and it's kind of a grey area...
- Did the CP have examiner authority? Was he going to hand you a temporary cert at the end? If the answer is no, it was not a checkride since you would still have to take a checkride with a DP. But I suspect the answer was yes at AF.
- Did you fail the oral or the flight test? If it was the flight test, your logbook probably shows a clear paper trail. An interviewer will see consistent training with one instructor, followed by one or two flights with a check pilot, then one flight with the CP. To me (or anyone else familiar with 141) that shows that a checkride occurred.
But regardless, even if there was no flight test, your logbook still shows a series of training events for a CFII (enough to get you to a checkride) followed suddenly by nothing...this is going to be very suspicious. The only explanations are
1) You were so bad they refused to sign you off.
2) You failed the checkride.
3) You were overwhelmed and quit.
4) You ran out of money.
1) and 3) are very bad, but might be mitigated if you were very low time.
2) is not great, but if you lie it about and get caught then it's very bad.
4) is thin because after all that time and effort most people would have scrounged up a few hundred bucks to finish...if not immediately at least in the near future.
You have to decide how to address this, but getting caught in a lie is automatic non-employment while one checkride failure is hopefully not that big of a deal.
But you might want to consider getting a CFI, otherwise folks might suspect you were overwhelmed by the CFI...which means you will be really overwhelmed by airline training unless you acquired to some 135 or corporate time.