Applying ASAP or ASRS to medicine is exactly what the country needs. This would be a highly effective way to reduce medical errors over the long term. What makes the program so effective in aviation is the rate at which reports are made. If someone thinks they made an error, a report is made almost 100% of the time. Why? Because the alternative is a suspension if the error is discovered. The trick in medicine is to increase the penalties for errors at the same time some sort of reporting system is installed. Doctors and nurses need to know that they will lose a month's pay for mistakes that aren't reported, otherwise they will never fill out a report.
I know the current culture is to sweep things under the rug so that is going to be an uphill climb to change the attitude.