(I acknowledge the following is approximate for numbers, but the principle is verifiable).
I wish I could remember the source (may have been annual Air Force Instrument Refresher Class; I learned this in the last 12 months), but the GPS Constellation requires about 24 Satellites to give 3-D coverage (ie, 4-5 satellites viewable) at every spot on/above earth.
A total of about 30, maybe 32 had been placed in orbit. I think 26 or 27 were still operational. Two or three "spares" above minimum.
Some of those in operation are first-gen satellites. They had an expected service life of 8-12 years. Some of them are over 16 years old.
Most of the satellites in orbit are of a 2nd and 3rd gen variety. They have a longer service life, maybe 16 years. None have been exceeded, although one or two of the new satellites are dead.
Here is the kicker:
Based on expected attrition, there will be fewer satellites in the constellation than the required minimum around 2017.
Currently, there are no plans [due to no money] to launch any replacements.
The FAA views this as "
We can shut down OMs, LOMs, NDBs, and VORs because the GPS system is superior, which will save the FAA money. The FAA doesn't have to worry about GPS funding---that's the military's job."
(But the military doesn't have the money to launch new satellites).
How expensive is a new satellite, and how much does it cost to maintain an existing VOR? I don't know, but I'd guess you could maintain 100-200 VORs for the price of one satellite.