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Old 07-20-2012 | 11:29 PM
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bcrosier
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From: Didactic Synthetic Aviation Experience Provider
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Originally Posted by Champeen07
Hey guys, I have been lucky enough to have a friend that has opened a door for me to start flying SIC in a Beechjet 400A. I am a pretty low time pilot with commercial SEL/MEL and CFI, CFII. I haven't ever flown in a 2 crew environment and was wondering if any of ya'll had any advice for me in how to make this transition to the turbine world the best and smoothest. Thanks for your responses.
First off, congratulations!

Second - how are they planning on training you? The answer to this drives some of what follows, but as general suggestions to expand on Chris's good advice would be:

ask what should be expected of you as FO
Definitely a good starting point.

and learn your "callouts" and what they mean
Find out if the operation has written SOP's or some similar document that you could get a copy of (of appropriate sections). If so, there is an excellent source of what is expected. If not, they probably have standard procedures they use, try and get with one of the pilots (preferably the chief pilot) and sit down in the cockpit and learn what procedures they use, who does what and when. Don't overlook ground duties - I'm guessing the captain will be checking weather and filing a flight plan. Where and how do you make coffee, stock the aircraft, where does the newspaper go. What is the protocol when the passengers arrive, and so on.

Spend time in the cockpit with a power cart plugged in learning to work the avionics and FMS. Even a basic knowledge of how to tune the comms, go direct to a fix, load and approach will be helpful. You certainly won't master it, but knowing how to accomplish routine tasks will be helpful.

Get a copy of the checklist they use, and learn it. Know where the items are that are being checked, and why. Find out what checks they actually do prior to every flight vs. first flight of the day - there are a number of expanded procedures on the 400A, not all operators do them all before every flight.

See if you can get a copy of the AFM and/or a training manual from a training provider such as FlightSafety (if they use one). Study those and learn the aircrafts systems. Along the same lines, become familiar with the emergency checklist. It's likely you'll never need it, but if you do, you'll want to at least have some idea where to find the appropriate checklist. Learn which procedures have memory items, know those as well as the basic limitations for the aircraft.

Now more to the meat of the matter: If you haven't already studied it, do some reading on CRM. I don't have any good books to recommend off the top of my head, but here are a couple of websites quickly found by googling:

SKYbrary - Crew Resource Management (OGHFA BN)


Crew Resource Management tutorial for aviation aircrew and pilots

I have only glanced at both of these, but at first blush it looks like good info.

To me, a few of key elements to working as a crew are (in no particular order):

Communication: This starts with as listed above, finding out what the normal operating procedures are for this operation, and then learning them. Beyond that, there's the whole CRM concept - one of the big contributing causes of accidents is a breakdown of communication - one of both pilots thought something was wrong, but no one was talking about it. Look at the info on the CRM sites about clues that your SA is breaking down - understand those so you can be aware if that starts to happen and the talk about the situation.

Mind you, on the first few flights you will likely have NO SA because you'll most likly be hanging on for dear life just trying to keep up with communications and the aircraft. That is normal, don't get frustrated. This is where knowing the checklist and standard calls and procedures helps tremendously. Know this stuff forwards and backwards so you can do it in your sleep, then you'll have more brain power available to work on the other tasks.

Leadership - Obviously the captain is in charge of the operation and sets the tone, but as an FO you still have a leadership role in your own right. Again, knowing the SOP's (written or otherwise) will help you accomplish this. By following those SOP's and doing your job the way you are supposed to, you can help maintain proper operations if (for instance) the captain isn't well rested today and is missing things or just isn't as alert as normal. You don't have to call him out on it (unless it's really bad), but by doing your job correctly, you can actually help lift his SA level higher.

Advocacy: This is a fine line to walk, obviously you aren't coming in the door thinking you know it all; on the other hand, you do know somethings, and you are there as part of the safety system of operating the aircraft. IF you know or think something is wrong, you need to make that known. There is something of an art to doing this sometimes, and it often comes down to knowing who you are working with. The fact that they are bringing you in as a low time pilot hopefully signals they they have a good attitude about mentoring and welcome your input as a crewmember. Unfortunately, there are some operations who will do this because they don't want you to say anything. In the case of the former it's easy - express your concerns and discuss the issue, they will value your input even if it's determined that the was no actual problem (and when I say problem or issue here - that can be anything that you're not certain if it's right). If it's the latter then you'll have to be more diplomatic if there is some uncertainty about the issue, but find ways to bring it up. Perhaps ask it as a question: "Should the transfer pumps be on with fuel in the aft tank?" Answer, yes they should - and you'll know that, but by phrasing it as a question with proper intonation you aren't challenging the other crew-member, you're asking for input or advice.

Again, if you think something is wrong, it may very well be. Don't sit there quietly and let someone fly you into a mountain - use the appropriate level of directness and challenge appropriate to the situation.

There is much more, but it's late and my SA is rapidly deteriorating, so I'll leave it at that for now. Hopefully others will chime in with more thoughts for you.

If you have any 400A specific questions feel free to PM me, I have some experience with it.

Again, congratulations and enjoy the jet!
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