Raising minimum wage is like taking Tylenol for a broken arm. It may dull the pain but it doesn't fix the underlying issue.
The underlying issue is a severe reduction in middle wage jobs over the past ~30 years. Quite a few manufacturing jobs were outsourced overseas. The jobs that filled in the void have primarily been customer service type jobs, with limited earning potential and upward mobility.
There really is no way to move manufacturing back over here and pay middle class wages, the jobs that are coming back are fairly low end $10-$14/hr assembly line jobs (if you're lucky).
The biggest issue I have with raising min wage (which I do tend to support as an overall boost to the economy) is eventually at some point wages will get so high that those the hike intends to help will be displaced. Either by people coming back into the job market (like educated retirees) or technology. For example, there are now kiosk ordering stations at multiple fast food locations, automated checkout machines, etc.