I don't understand the Open Skies Agreement? CLEARLY, I'm not going to post an 11 year old article that was touting the Open Skies Agreement before it even came into effect. And the 'author' of that article is an international consulting company that is paid by clients with an agenda. But it's really nice that you would post that garbage which doesn't take into account the relative market size of US domestic aviation vs European domestic aviation.

Rubbish? What are you - a foreign national who landed a job at SkyWest and is trying to get on with an airline here in the US that pays better? There are lots of foreign nationals who come to the US to fly - another data point as to the much larger size and better working conditions of the US air market vice Europe and the rest of the world.

Norwegian peddles two cabins (classes of service): Economy and Premium. One can clearly see that on their booking website, where they clearly label each product as a different cabin. Premium Economy, for those airlines that have that product, do not list it as a separate cabin from economy.
Premium seating is priced ~3x the price of Economy seating; too great a disparity to mistake it as premium economy.
They also include lounge access to those that buy Premium class seats - a perk not associated with any economy bookings, only business or first class bookings.
If, as you are arguing, this is Premium Economy, why doesn't Norwegian use the term, Premium Economy? Because they clearly want to sell it as pseudo Business class.

Research - using an 11 year old article written by an EU-based consulting company peddling a client's point of view to justify your opinion is NOT research.