One thing's for sure is that airlines that fly a lot of long haul routes are going to have to figure something out soon - to offset the ever increasing CASM. It may have been mentioned here already, but Air NZ, Boeing and Rolls Royce have plans to start limited trials of using biofuel. Click here to go to a blog that discusses it. Also, Airways New Zealand in collaboration with NZ and QF have been conducting trials of 'Optimum Arrivals' (approaches made at flight idle -under certain conditions) into AKL to determine their viability, and to obtain data about the amount of fuel savings derived. Click here to read about it. Similar trials to these have also been conducted at SFO.