Executive Airshare
#1351
Gets Weekends Off
Joined APC: Dec 2007
Posts: 453
I think he has a valid point when it comes to any 91 or repo legs. The GOM or OpsSpecs doesn't apply. Either way, it's probably a small percentage of the operation.
#1352
Gets Weekends Off
Joined APC: Apr 2007
Posts: 867
Under sections 135.1 01 and 135.105, two pilots are required when carrying passengers under IFR unless an operative and approved autopilot system is installed, in which case one pilot is required. Although section 135.105 allows single-pilot operations with the use of an operative approved autopilot system, it does not require that all future flights be conducted in that manner. See Tarsa Interpretation (Mar. 26, 1992). In other words, the operator can elect either to operate under IFR with one pilot using the autopilot system or with two pilots, with the second pilot acting as SIC, without using the autopilot system. See id. Provided the certificate holder elects before the IFR operation to not use the autopilot system, then two pilots are required by the regulations under which the flight is conducted, and the pilot designated as SIC may log SIC flight time. If the autopilot system is used, then the pilot designated as SIC is not a required flight crewmember and may not log SIC time.
#1355
Even under 91, the operational control falls under the certificate holders FOM/GOM/OpsSpecs/Company Policies.
Think of it as when 91 you will still abide by EAS's rules and ops with the exception of a few things.
The GOM/OpsSpecs/training manual are approved and signed off by the POI. So what one operator under 135 does has no bearing on what another 135 operator can or can't do.
The list of "interpretations/understandings" is endless
We can go on for days with the FAA's interpretations of Duty Legalities ie "The Kidd letter" or Crew in a SP airplane. The consistent thing about the FAA is the inconsistency.
Think of it as when 91 you will still abide by EAS's rules and ops with the exception of a few things.
The GOM/OpsSpecs/training manual are approved and signed off by the POI. So what one operator under 135 does has no bearing on what another 135 operator can or can't do.
The list of "interpretations/understandings" is endless
We can go on for days with the FAA's interpretations of Duty Legalities ie "The Kidd letter" or Crew in a SP airplane. The consistent thing about the FAA is the inconsistency.
Last edited by RI830; 03-16-2014 at 03:04 AM.
#1356
Gets Weekends Off
Joined APC: Apr 2007
Posts: 867
I'll go check out the Kidd letter. My understanding is that these LOI's trump POI because, as you noted, there is a lack of consistency from FSDO to FSDO, or ASI to ASI for that matter.
In another discussion on this topic, two different companies had a GOM requirement for 2 pilots. However, in that case one company's GOM was "Accepted" and the other's was "Approved." The consensus from that was the one with the "Approved" stamp was good to go (logging SIC) and the requirements of the client or insurance were not pertinent.
#1357
I'll go check out the Kidd letter. My understanding is that these LOI's trump POI because, as you noted, there is a lack of consistency from FSDO to FSDO, or ASI to ASI for that matter.
In another discussion on this topic, two different companies had a GOM requirement for 2 pilots. However, in that case one company's GOM was "Accepted" and the other's was "Approved." The consensus from that was the one with the "Approved" stamp was good to go (logging SIC) and the requirements of the client or insurance were not pertinent.
In another discussion on this topic, two different companies had a GOM requirement for 2 pilots. However, in that case one company's GOM was "Accepted" and the other's was "Approved." The consensus from that was the one with the "Approved" stamp was good to go (logging SIC) and the requirements of the client or insurance were not pertinent.
All I can say is that EAS SICs can log the time. As for LOI's superseding company policy.....if I was pulled in to do the FAA carpet dance, I would rather base my actions/decisions based on my companies approved SOP's and procedures than the fairly uncirculated LOI's. Most people don't even know the many LOI's even exist.
Other variants in ops that I have found are some 135's can use hold over tables while others can't. Some have DAAP while others don't.
It's all about the POI signing off on it.
#1359
Line Holder
Joined APC: Oct 2013
Posts: 36
I wasn't trying to get anything off topic. I've flown for several 135 carriers and am familiar with Part 135 OpSpecs that will allow for a single pilot certified aircraft to Operate with an SIC who would be a required crewmember per OpSpecs approved by the FAA for that company. The reason I raise this issue is that, on the fractional side, EAS operates under Part 91, NOT part 135.
Given that:
1) An SIC cannot log time simply because an Insurance policy states that aircraft must have two pilots. Insurance companies are not regulatory and have no oversight authority.
2) Part 135 OpSpecs are not binding upon flights operated under Part 91, therefore an OpSpec requiring aircraft to be flown with a second in command would allow for an SIC to log time ONLY during part 135 flights or during 91 flights in a TurboJet where the PIC does not have the Single Pilot Designation on his License/Rating.
3) Someone stated that if one elects to not use the autopilot a case can be made for logging SIC time. I think this statement likely goes back to the OpSpec for Autopilot in lieu of SIC, which would be a 135 OpSpec and not apply to Part 91. However, even if it did...would it be possible to fly in RVSM airspace without an autopilot? This would restrict all flights to FL280 or less.
4) If you can legally use a GOM under Part 91 to require a second crewmember, what is to prevent someone for writing a policy with their Cessna 152 or Piper Seminole that "requires two crewmembers"
The reason I ask all this is because my friend's goal is to end up at a 121 carrier (not a regional). I'm not sure how he would be able to explain SIC time in a King Air 90 or 350 or any of the Phenom aircraft. I ran into a Part 91 crew just yesterday in Florida and asked them their thoughts. The right seater stated he doesn't log the time on his Part 91 flights but that their aircraft is on a 135 certificate (with OpSpecs requiring two crewmembers) and on the occasional 135 flights they do, he does log SIC time (he received an SIC type rating from CAE).
I encouraged my friend to apply for a LearJet SIC position, so hopefully that will work out for him as he can log SIC for both Part 91 flights and 135 flights on that! I just can't find any evidance that would allow for SIC time in a single pilot certified aircraft operating with a PIC who is typed (and designated as a PIC type rated single pilot (S) when applicable).
Given that:
1) An SIC cannot log time simply because an Insurance policy states that aircraft must have two pilots. Insurance companies are not regulatory and have no oversight authority.
2) Part 135 OpSpecs are not binding upon flights operated under Part 91, therefore an OpSpec requiring aircraft to be flown with a second in command would allow for an SIC to log time ONLY during part 135 flights or during 91 flights in a TurboJet where the PIC does not have the Single Pilot Designation on his License/Rating.
3) Someone stated that if one elects to not use the autopilot a case can be made for logging SIC time. I think this statement likely goes back to the OpSpec for Autopilot in lieu of SIC, which would be a 135 OpSpec and not apply to Part 91. However, even if it did...would it be possible to fly in RVSM airspace without an autopilot? This would restrict all flights to FL280 or less.
4) If you can legally use a GOM under Part 91 to require a second crewmember, what is to prevent someone for writing a policy with their Cessna 152 or Piper Seminole that "requires two crewmembers"
The reason I ask all this is because my friend's goal is to end up at a 121 carrier (not a regional). I'm not sure how he would be able to explain SIC time in a King Air 90 or 350 or any of the Phenom aircraft. I ran into a Part 91 crew just yesterday in Florida and asked them their thoughts. The right seater stated he doesn't log the time on his Part 91 flights but that their aircraft is on a 135 certificate (with OpSpecs requiring two crewmembers) and on the occasional 135 flights they do, he does log SIC time (he received an SIC type rating from CAE).
I encouraged my friend to apply for a LearJet SIC position, so hopefully that will work out for him as he can log SIC for both Part 91 flights and 135 flights on that! I just can't find any evidance that would allow for SIC time in a single pilot certified aircraft operating with a PIC who is typed (and designated as a PIC type rated single pilot (S) when applicable).
#1360
Line Holder
Joined APC: Aug 2010
Position: The Dark Side
Posts: 99
I'm really looking forward to it - this sounds like an overall great place to work.
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